Hmm…People Hate Their Jobs?

Twin Cities based WCCO-TV had the following lead story on last night’s 10PM news: “Good Question: Why do People Hate Their Jobs? The story reported that about fifty percent of the people surveyed (and 61% of those under 25!) reported that they hate their jobs and twenty percent believed that they would be with a new employer this time next year. The story goes on to say that the biggest gripes are about employers’ bonus plans, promotion policies, performance reviews, workload, and work/life balance. And people report that the most important part about their jobs is the people with whom they work ,their co-workers. Here are a couple of observations:

First, Dr. Mick Sheppeck (whom I’ve known for about 15 years) alluded to the fact that employers and the world of work need to change. To go a little deeper, companies that started up twenty-five, fifty and even a hundred years ago have policies and procedures about compensation, promotions, workload and performance expectations that are more reflective of the era in which the company began rather than the expectations of workers today. For example, many of these policies and procedures came about in the era when two parent households had one wage earner (usually the husband) and there was no need for child-care. Now we have dual wage earner families, as well as single parent households that seek more jobs that have flex time that provide the work life balance so many seek. While some companies offer flextime, many still lack this option.

Second, given that what people like most about their jobs seems to be their co-workers, we once again have evidence that working relationships matter a lot. Companies that invest in creating environments where people can work and play well with others will reap the benefits. Companies that do not recognize how important these working relationships can be will suffer the consequences.

Kudos to General Mills!

While the Academy Awards ceremony was underway on the west coast, another gala black tie event took place in Orlando, FL when Training Magazine announced its annual Training Top 125 Awards.  Companies that receive this recognition earn it the old fashioned way , they provide world-class training to employees to improve their business effectiveness as well as to create winning teams in the marketplace.  The top five recipients were The Ritz Carlton Hotel Company, L.L.C., PriceWaterHouseCoopers, LLP, EMC Corporation, Verizon Wireless, and General Mills.  As I’ve mentioned in an earlier post, I’ve had the privilege of doing training and organization development work for Minneapolis-based General Mills for a number of years and I am delighted to see that they were recognized as a “top 5 performer this year , a designation they richly deserve.

A feature article on Training Magazine’s website about this company using training to drive a core business process is a great example.  What impresses me about General Mills is they try to hire the best people they can and instead of treating them like an expense item on the income statement, they view their people as assets on the balance sheet and they continue to invest in them and their success and development.  From comprehensive training programs, to 360 degree feedback, to individual development plans as well as carefully thought out programs around retention, career development, inclusion, and onboarding of experienced hires, they strive to be best in class.  Kudos to General Mills!

Disney World: A Commentary

The past weekend found me at the Disney Coronado Springs Resort attending a corporate function.  I have been to Disney World twice before , once in 1989 and another time in 1995 , both were for vacations.  While Disney has added many new attractions and hotels since my previous visits, things are, alas, still pretty much the same.

In the spirit of full disclosure, I need to fess up to that fact that three of my least favorite things are waiting in lines, navigating my way through huge crowds who are simultaneously trying to figure out where they are going as well, and families arguing in public , and all are present here in abundance at Disney theme parks.  At the same time, I must admit that the Disney properties are popular destinations for both family vacations and corporate meetings and some people seem to enjoy the time they spend there.  The staff , or more appropriately the cast members – as Disney is want to designate their employees , are attentive and try to make your stay as pleasant as possible.  After traveling most of Saturday and arriving at the hotel after midnight, the shuttle bus was where it was supposed to be, the person at the registration desk knew I was coming, and got me to my room replete with a tuna sandwich for this hungry traveler.

However, there are two things that continue to strike me about Disney theme parks.  The first is the faux nature of almost everything , everything is a reproduction and a Disney interpretation of the reproduction at that.  It is Disney’s way of creating a reality they want you to believe is true. I guess that is part of the “fantasy land dreams comes true motif. For example, The Coronado Springs Hotel is meant to replicate the Mayan culture and architecture with a southwest bent.  Buildings are called Ranchos and Casitas, yet to me look nothing close to the authenticity of the real thing.  I live in New Mexico in an authentic adobe casita with viga beam ceilings and a kiva fireplace.  I’ve spent time on haciendas as well as on the pueblos, and I think at the least, my friends in New Mexico would find what is here at best amusing and at the worst, possibly insulting.  In short, it is almost a mind-numbing place.  And the sad part is that many visitors will think that this is an accurate representation of this culture.  Please visit New Mexico and make your own assessment.

The second is the number of families , theoretically on vacation , that I over hear in heated discussions and sometimes full blown arguments about how they need to rush here and rush there to see whatever. It seems that the same need to schedule everything and stick to the schedule carries over from work to vacation.

I’ve often said that every organization is perfectly organized to get the results its gets or wants. Perhaps Disney creates these faux environments, and the lines, and the feeling that visitors need to schedule their time to do as much as they can , so they do that and spend as much as they can while they are there. Maybe I’m being overly sensitive and way too cynical.  It just seems that maybe we need a little more authenticity in all that we do from the way we create our living and work spaces to the way we carry out the tasks of daily living to the way we relate to each other.  I think we would all agree that that the physical space in many work environments is not the most welcoming of places and often doesn’t really promote the kinds of work interaction the organizations purport to seek.  And as I’ve documented elsewhere on this site, the relationships among workers are not always the best they could be.  So does a place like Disney World help or hurt the people who want to work and play well with others?  Comments, anyone?

Choosing Experience over Potential is Sometimes the Best Choice

About a month ago, I commented on the University of Minnesota’s hiring a new head football coach without any previous head coaching experience (The Hiring of a CEO , That is Head Coach). On Saturday, February 17, 2007, the Regents of the University of New Mexico named current Oklahoma State University president David Schmidly as the university’s next president. Of the five finalists , all of whom were qualified to lead this university , Schmidly had the most experience and the Regents picked him. In short, The University of New Mexico hired on the basis of experience rather than potential. Before his tenure at Oklahoma State, Schmidly had served as president at Texas Tech University as well. The last president that the UNM Regents hired had not held any university-level leadership roles; furthermore he lacked a track record of academic scholarship , which is usually a prerequisite for high-level administrative positions in academia. That president and the university parted ways over a year ago. So it is not surprising that this time the Regents went for the person with the most experience.

Leading a major state university is a challenging endeavor unlike leading any other business organization. I have heard a university described as a confederation of faculty loosely held together by a series of parking lots. And I have heard the act of leading a university is more akin to herding cats. As a president of a state university, one has to manage the relationship with numerous constituencies including the faculty, the regents or trustees, the legislature, alumni, and the various accrediting bodies that give the university the ability to grant degrees. Then there is the matter of the financial integrity of the place, the facilities, the athletic programs and so on. This is one job where experience does count and a track record of accomplishments is critically important.

A Comment on JetBlue Airlines

Up until last week’s snowstorm that hit the Midwest and East Coast, high customer satisfaction scores seemed to indicate that JetBlue Airways employees “worked and played well with others.  As this low-cost airline discovered, it is one thing to provide outstanding levels of customer service when things are going smoothly; it is quite another to perform flawlessly under difficult conditions.  Instead, this seven year old airline based in New York City’s JFK International Airport left passengers sitting on airplanes on the tarmac for upwards of nine hours and countless others stranded in terminals around the country , almost a week after the storm hit and when other traditional airlines are back to normal.

The following statement from David E. Neeleman, founder and chief executive of JetBlue Airways was the quote of the day in today’s New York Times.
“We had an emergency control center full of people who didn’t know what to do. I had flight attendants sitting in hotel rooms for three days who couldn’t get a hold of us. I had pilots e-mailing me saying, ˜I’m available, what do I do?’ “.  Oh my.

The article goes on to say that Neeleman was mortified by the situation and admitted that the management of his company was not strong enough and that the major culprit was an inadequate communications system. (When I checked their website this morning, the last update was yesterday at 5PM!)  He promised that 100 corporate employees would be trained to “backstop the problem within two weeks and that performance would be “flawless in a month.  I’d love to be a fly on the wall in this company.  Sounds like there is a lot of blaming present.  My fear is that there may be a lot of yelling and screaming to come that will only make the situation worse.

For what it is worth, I’ll offer this observation. When I checked the Jet Blue website this morning and click on a few links I came upon David Neeleman’s background.  It seems he fits the classic profile of an entrepreneur , left college after three years, started up a number of ventures, and had an excellent track record of seeing a need and then attracting the financing to make a business to meet that need a reality.  And so JetBlue was born.  I know a lot of entrepreneurs and they all tell me that that the thrill for them is in the startup.  Taking an idea and developing it into a business proposition is what turns them on , not the day-to-day operations once the business is started.  They leave the running of the business to the management talent that they hire and the importance of that step cannot be underestimated.  If Mr. Neeleman believes that the management of his company is not strong enough than he needs to assess what elements must be present that are not there now to build a strong management team.

Clearly, like a paramedic at an accident scene, JetBlue needs someone internally to step up, access the situation, and quickly stop the bleeding to get the airline back on schedule and repair damaged customer relationships.  Then there needs to be a non-blaming conversation to agree on what needs to be present , such as contingency plans, an improved communication systems, and crisis management protocols, for example – so that this situation does not happen again.  I think what Mr. Neeleman and others will find out that for the traveling public low cost is not enough of a value proposition to sustain an airline.  Reliability and the ability to respond to changing conditions under situations of complexity and ambiguity are required.

How Well Do You Know Your Team Mates?

I’ve been in the organization and management development field for more years than I care to admit and I’m still amazed by what I see.  For example, you would think that teams that have been together for a long time would know each other pretty well.  Not necessarily! I was facilitating a team meeting awhile back when one of the members went on about how much he enjoyed seeing live theatre only to have another member who offices right next to this person say, “I didn’t know you liked the theatre; I had an extra ticket to Hamlet the other night and you could have gone with us!

So how well do you know the people that you work with – other than their area of expertise?  At a team building session I facilitated last week, the team leader began the meeting by asking everyone to share the first live concert they attended.  The responses ranged from Tom Jones with one’s parents to a first (and last) date at a Barry Manilow concert to the Rolling Stones to the Philadelphia Orchestra.  It was a delightful icebreaker and it helped everyone to see each other as humans who had a life outside of work.

I like using exercises that help others get to know each other better.  I’ll often ask people to provide a fun fact about themselves they are willing to share , with an emphasis on the willing to share part.  Invariably someone in the group takes a risk to share something that really gives others an insight into who that person really is.  What is amazing is that most of the time that person’s sharing will just open the door to others really being “real.

In writing about teams, William Schutz often said that a characteristic of high performing teams is that its members simply don’t want to let each other down , especially when members really know and care about each other.

Some Musings on Job Titles

Late on Monday I received a call from a client in Chicago to postpone a team building session because of the impending snowstorm , at least three of members of the team were not going to be able to make the meeting.  When I learned about all of the flight cancellations at Chicago’s O’Hare airport, I thought the decision to reschedule was a good one.  The irony is that I am hunkered down in my office in Albuquerque, NM watching the snow pile up here! Yes, Virginia, it does snow in New Mexico , in fact, the official seasonal snow totals for Albuquerque are twice that of Minneapolis, MN!  Go figure!

Since today’s snowfall will slow things down considerably, I thought I’d catch up on various projects and administrivia that mounts up when I’m on the road.  I came across a file labeled “job titles.  Early in my career, I became amused by some of the names people had for the jobs they held and started keeping track of them.  For example, back in the early ˜90′s, when the British company Grand Metropolitan owned Pillsbury, the Pillsbury leadership team decided to organize the company around eating occasions.  So that decision lead to the job title “Vice President of Breakfast , I always liked that one.  I found my most unusual job title at a metaphysical conference I attended couple of years back at the invitation of some friends in Santa Fe, NM.  This New Age gathering included many organic and health foods companies as well as massage therapists, tarot card readers, and astrologers and was quite fascinating and pleasantly unconventional.  At one booth, was a young man who described himself as a “neoarchaic ecstatic shamanic technician. I never really got a satisfying explanation of what he actually did but he seemed very happy about it.

My point in this story is that the culture in some organizations places a lot of emphasis on job titles and the position power that comes from them. I have witnessed emotional pleas on the part of employees for their company to change their title by adding designations such as “director or “vice-president because those titles would provide “more credibility , even though such a designation would be totally inappropriate.  I have also worked in organizations where job titles were totally absent , in order to find out who did what people had to talk with each other , and this approach works well in smaller organizations.  Regardless of job title, we still need to clearly spell out the performance expectations for each job and ensure that everyone is contributing to the overall results of the organization in some way.  That’s where the effort needs to occur.

Finally, a question that people often asked us in grade school was “what do you want to be when you grow up?  In my era we answered, doctor, teacher, fireman, police officer, etc.  I wonder how many elementary school students today would say a barista at Starbucks or even a neoarchaic ecstatic shamanic technician? My how jobs change.

Training Customer Service People Without Annoying Customers

On a recent trip, we were stuck on the plane a little longer than expected because the Northwest Airlines gate agent , a trainee we learned – had trouble moving the jet way up to the aircraft and then could not get the door of the aircraft to open completely. As I was sitting on the flight , somewhat impatiently (OK, very impatiently. You road warriors know what I am talking about) , I started thinking about this notion of employee training and about how and when to do it.

I think we can make two basic distinctions in training programs. First, there is the classroom or online session where a trainer (or the computer) presents new information and where there may or may not be “practice sessions. An example is when a new email system gets rolled out at a company and everyone goes through the tutorial at their workstation or in a training room and then practices what they’ve learned at a terminal. Second, there is the real time training where an experienced someone shows a newbie how to do their new job. We often see this form of training in customer service or high customer contact situations. For example, in a restaurant an experienced server “shadows a new server and explains and coaches them along to get them to the point where he/she can wait on tables alone.

I think we would all agree that the worst thing an employer can do is to throw a new employee into the “deep end of the pool. That is, expect the new person to perform at the level of an experienced one without appropriate training.

However, in the domain of real time training, I really wonder if employers think through the best time to do this kind of training in a way that will not unduly annoy the customers that are waiting to be served while the learning occurs.

Based on years of anecdotal observations, I would say that a number of organizations give very little thought to the timing of the training. Time and again, I see new employees getting the real time training during peak business hours with little sensitivity to the growing lines of customers waiting for service because the newbie is in learning mode. My favorite example was in an airport security line during the holiday peak travel season. The TSA person screening carry on luggage was a trainee. This person stopped the conveyor line for EVERY bag and bin that passed though the x-ray machine, pointed to an area on the screen that seemed suspicious to the trainee, then asked the supervisor if it was OK to let the bag pass. You can imagine that just a few minutes of this behavior would result in an enormous line of impatient travelers. I do not fault the trainee at all. My beef is with the supervisor who was so intent on the training process that he was clueless about the negative impact this situation was having on the customers in line and took no corrective action , like taking on the screening himself and talking the trainee through the process until there was a less busy time.

Yes, I know, many of you are probably saying, “it’s a government program, what do you expect. Maybe. But I have seen this kind of lack of awareness on the part of training supervisors in check out lines and customer service settings of large national companies including and airline (where two supervisors actually gave contradictory instructions to a trainee), a department store (where the supervisor left the trainee on her own only to have the trainee make repeated requests for assistance), and a hotel chain (where the new night front desk clerk had apparently received little training before his first night on the job).

So training supervisors of the world, here’s what needs to be present in the way you work. First continue to provide the best possible training to people who will be in customer contact positions before you let them on their own. Second, put up a sign or some other designation to show the person with whom you are working is a trainee. That way, customers can make a choice about the line they choose to enter. The Fairmont Hotels do a great job of this in training their front desk people. What they also do is have the supervisor never leave the side of the trainee so that if a complicated situation arises, or if the lines get too long, they can step in to handle the tough problem and/or get the lines moving again while using that time as a teachable moment.

Leaders Can Learn a Lot from Tony Dungy

In the spirit of full disclosure, I am an unabashed Tony Dungy fan.  I’ve been that way since I watched his first game as a University of Minnesota quarterback in the early ˜70′s. Nevertheless, I think managers and leaders (in fact, everyone) can learn a lot from Tony Dungy, the head coach of the current Super Bowl champion Indianapolis Colts: that nice guys can finish first; that perseverance counts for a lot; and that how you say things is just as important as what you say.  I’d like to focus on this last point for a minute.

As the sports pundits give Tony the credit he richly deserves, they continue to refer to one particular scene when he first took over as the Colts head coach.  In the first team meeting , and professional football teams have more meetings than the average business , Tony told his team in a very calm voice, “You guys will need to listen carefully, because this is as loud as I get.  I’m sure that each of us at one time or another has had a boss or has known someone who has had a boss that was known as a screamer.  There are managers and leaders that truly believe that the only way to really mean something is to say it in a loud voice.  Tony showed us all that you do not need to be a screamer to get results.  Moreover, I contend that successful leaders have a way of being calm under pressure and that I have never known a screamer who can convey a sense of “everything is going to be all right by yelling orders at the top of his/her lungs at their direct reports or peers to get a point across.  So what ways do you convey that sense of calmness that Tony Dungy does so well?

Performance Rating “Inflation”

When I was teaching students in both regular and executive MBA programs, I was fartootst by the chutzpa of students who would demand an “A just for handing in a paper that was in reality not very well done.  One thing that I always did was hand out at the time of the assignment criteria for what successful performance on the paper would look like.  You know, it would include things like a clear statement of the problem, a well-thought out argument with appropriate justification and references, and no typos, misspellings, or grammatical errors.  When these elements were missing , including some students leaving out entire answers to a question on the assignment , students would lose points on the assignment.  Nevertheless, in the face of these missing requirements, some students would argue, “I’ve never gotten anything less than an ˜A’ in my life and so you HAVE to give me an ˜A’.  You can imagine that complaints like these get tedious after awhile.  Some professors however, would get worn down, give in, and leave the rest of us with something called “grade inflation.

Unfortunately, a similar phenomenon is happening in the workplace. Some employees in some organizations are demanding with increasing frequency ratings of “greatly exceeds standards when they only deserve a rating of “meets standards.  And so we have “performance rating inflation.

I think this phenomenon occurs for at least three reasons.  First, employees are not necessarily clear on what is expected of them.  To make sure that performance expectations ARE clear is a primary management role.  Second, when those expectations are clear, a manager needs to hold the employee accountable to those performance standards.  And third, managers who are unable or unwilling to set clear expectations and hold their direct reports accountable make it more difficult for those managers who are willing to do it.